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REFRESHERS · AIRSPACE · 4 MINUTES · NEW ZEALAND

ADS-B in transponder mandatory controlled airspace.

To fly in New Zealand's transponder mandatory controlled airspace, your aircraft needs an ADS-B system that meets set standards, and you must keep it transmitting.

Step 1 of 4

What changed, and when

When
31 Dec 2022
Where
New Zealand

Apart from a few listed exceptions, you must not operate an aircraft in transponder mandatory controlled airspace in the New Zealand FIR without an ADS-B system. The system must meet the standards in rule 91.257. This does not apply in the Auckland Oceanic FIR. Sources: Rule 91.255

Limits of this refresher The timeline's date, 31 December 2022, comes from a CAA NZ page. The rule text we hold does not give a start date.

Next: In practice

Step 2 of 4

What it means in practice

PREDICT FIRST

Rule 91.257 lists what an ADS-B system must include. Which of these is on the list?

Skip the question and read on

The system must include a 1090 MHz Mode S Extended Squitter transponder, or another suitable transponder the Director determines, a compatible GNSS position source, and a barometric altitude pressure system. Sources: Rule 91.257

Unless ATC authorises or instructs otherwise, two things apply in that airspace. Operate the transponder to transmit ADS-B data. Keep it transmitting from when the aircraft begins to move under its own power until it comes to a complete stop at the end of the flight. Sources: Rule 91.247(a)

If the aircraft type cannot practicably or reasonably be fitted with ADS-B, you may operate there without it. You must first get specific authorisation from the ATC unit, as part of your clearance to enter. Sources: Rule 91.255E

Each chip after a paragraph jumps to the words it rests on.

Next: The source

Step 3 of 4

The source, word for word

Quoted from the New Zealand sources we hold, with the date we checked them.

(a) Except as provided in rules 91.253, 91.255D and 91.255E, a person must not operate an aircraft in transponder mandatory controlled airspace designated under Part 71 in the New Zealand FIR unless the aircraft is equipped with an ADS-B system which meets the minimum performance standards and requirements under rule 91.257. (b) Paragraph (a) does not apply to an aircraft operating in any portion of the airspace within the Auckland Oceanic FIR.

NZ Civil Aviation Rules Part 91, consolidation 23 July 2026, Rule 91.255. Rules as at 31 October 2026

An ADS-B system must meet the following minimum requirements – (1) include a 1090 MHz Mode S Extended Squitter transponder, or any other suitable transponder determined by the Director as specified in a notice referred to in rule 91.258; (2) include a GNSS position source that is compatible with the 1090 MHz Mode S Extended Squitter transponder, or any other suitable transponder referred to in paragraph (1); (3) include a barometric altitude pressure system and any related equipment;

NZ Civil Aviation Rules Part 91, consolidation 23 July 2026, Rule 91.257, paragraphs (1) to (3). Rules as at 31 October 2026

(a) Except as provided in paragraph (g), a pilot-in-command of an aircraft operating in transponder mandatory controlled airspace designated under Part 71 within the New Zealand FIR must, unless otherwise authorised or instructed by ATC— (1) operate the transponder to transmit ADS-B data; and (2) ensure that ADS-B data is transmitted at all times when the aircraft begins to move under its own power until it has come to a complete stop at the end of the flight.

NZ Civil Aviation Rules Part 91, consolidation 23 July 2026, Rule 91.247(a). Rules as at 31 October 2026

(a) Despite rule 91.255(a), a person may operate an aircraft without transmitting ADS-B data in the prescribed airspace referred to in that rule if the aircraft cannot practicably or reasonably be equipped with an ADS-B system because of the characteristics of the aircraft type. (b) Before operating an aircraft referred to in paragraph (a), the person must obtain specific authorisation from the ATC unit having jurisdiction over the relevant airspace as part of the ATC clearance to enter that airspace.

NZ Civil Aviation Rules Part 91, consolidation 23 July 2026, Rule 91.255E. Rules as at 31 October 2026

Next: Practise

Step 4 of 4

Practise this

1 question from our bank test this change. Each one quotes the rule it rests on, and the ones you miss come back sooner.

Practise this question

That is all we ask on this change so far. New questions are added only after they pass a source check and an independent review.

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SOURCES FOR THIS REFRESHER

Practice questions: Source-checked, awaiting pilot review. Learning only. Your instructor and the current rules come first. Sources and licences